Peleliu Battle 1944: Three Days Extended to Three Months

General MacArthur's next objective after the Allies defeated the Japanese in the Solomons and the Dutch East Indies was the capture of the Philippines. In order for this offensive to be successful, MacArthur believed it was necessary to secure his eastern flank by taking control of the Palau Islands, including Peleliu. Initially, Admiral Nimitz was tasked with capturing the island and its airfield. However, the Palau Islands were part of Japan's second defensive line, with over 10,000 troops stationed on Peleliu.

The US launched a preliminary bombardment on 12 September 1944, which caused devastating destruction on the island for two days. Major General William H. Rupertus, the commander of the 1st Marine Division, assured his men that the battle would be swift, despite expected casualties. On 15 September 1944, the Marines landed on Peleliu at 08:32 hours and managed to establish a strong foothold by the end of the day, despite fierce Japanese resistance.

Contrary to expectations, Japanese forces fortified their positions inland, turning the area into a formidable fortress. The real battle for control of Peleliu was fought in the woods, swamps, caves, and mountains. The Americans fought relentlessly, slowly gaining ground and pushing back the Japanese forces.

Despite Major General Rupertus' initial prediction, the Battle of Peleliu did not end quickly. After two months, one week, and five days of intense fighting, the battle finally concluded on 27 November. The remaining Japanese troops made a futile last charge before surrendering, marking the end of a grueling and brutal campaign.

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